Conditional

Additional Child Tax Credit claims, TY2027

How many returns will claim the refundable child tax credit or additional child tax credit for tax year 2027 in IRS SOI Publication 1304 Table 3.3, All returns, total, Number of returns, not seasonally adjusted, on the first print, conditional on current law holding?

Conditional on: No legislation enacted by 2027-12-31 changes the IRC §24(d)(1)(B)(i) earned-income threshold of $2,500 for tax year 2027; current law holds. The $2,500 operative amount is applied by IRC §24(h)(6), while §24(d)(1)(B)(i) contains the underlying $3,000 amount.

Forecast

17.6M
5.1M–30.1M
80% prediction interval
gpt-5.6-solRun record ↗

Cumulative probability

Chance that the outcome is at or below each value.

0%25%50%75%100%-13.6M17.6M48.9MForecast value

Shaded band: 80% interval (5.1M–30.1M). Dashed line: point estimate (17.6M).

Derived from the point estimate and 80% interval; the agent did not report a full distribution.

Analysis

§TY2027 current-law ACTC claimant-return forecast

Framing: this is the not-seasonally-adjusted number of claimant returns, not credit dollars or children. It resolves on the first TY2027 IRS SOI Publication 1304 Table 3.3 print. The ledger supplies only an expected 2029-01-01 through 2029-12-31 release window, not an exact IRS calendar day; the registered 2029-12-31 deadline is therefore preserved and this discrepancy is disclosed rather than silently converted into a claimed scheduled date.

▸ Reported tool use: irs_soi_pub1304_fetch_yearmodel report
Parse official Publication 1304 Table 3.3 workbooks 20in33ar.xls and 21in33ar.xls with the registered irs.actc.total_claims adapter.
↳ Official first-print whole-return counts fetched and parsed this run: TY2020 = 19,119,249 (19.119249 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:09Z; TY2021 = 37,771,612 (37.771612 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:10Z.
▸ Reported tool use: irs_soi_pub1304_fetch_yearmodel report
Parse official Publication 1304 Table 3.3 workbooks 22in33ar.xls and 23in33ar.xls with the registered irs.actc.total_claims adapter.
↳ Official first-print whole-return counts fetched and parsed this run: TY2022 = 18,076,696 (18.076696 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:15Z; TY2023 = 17,626,084 (17.626084 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:15Z.
▸ Reported tool use: uscode.lookupmodel report
Fetch current 26 U.S.C. §24 text from the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
↳ The official code text fetched this run shows §24(d)(1)(B)(i)'s underlying earned-income amount is $3,000 and §24(h)(6) substitutes $2,500 for $3,000.
▸ Reported tool use: target_registration.inspectmodel report
Inspect canonical registration b92e9752beaf38a9e2e735c5066e7c741e29436546e7fab2c8d0568f05355909 and check the catalog slug against specs.json.
↳ The public registration fixes period 2027, transform factor 0.000001, condition deadline 2027-12-31, expected release window 2029-01-01 through 2029-12-31, and resolutionDate 2029-12-31. The exact proposed slug appeared 0 times in specs.json when checked this run.

Base rate/reference class: the four exact-series first prints for TY2020–TY2023 are 19.119249, 37.771612, 18.076696, and 17.626084 million; these match the registered adapter's verified anchors. Their mean = 23.148410 million, median = 18.597972 million, and range = 17.626084–37.771612 million. TY2021 is a conspicuous policy-regime outlier, but it remains in interval calibration rather than being discarded.

Benchmark and model candidates: latest first-print persistence forecasts 17.626084 million. The thesis_model_candidate_v1 persistence candidate has point/p50 = 17.626084, p10 = 5.121972, p90 = 30.130196, 80% interval = [5.121972, 30.130196], 90% interval = [1.556347, 33.695821], intervalMethod = fallback-prior empirical level dispersion, calibration_n = 4, train cutoff = TY2023, and walk-forward MAE = 12.932630 million across the three available transitions. More elaborate time-series fitting is rejected because four observations with a major TY2021 regime break do not support stable parameter estimation. Persistence is selected.

Prior/update/interval: prior = TY2023 persistence = 17.626084 million, using the four TY2020–TY2023 official first prints. Adjustment components = 0.000000 million for momentum, 0.000000 million for one-offs, and 0.000000 million for policy because the forecast is explicitly conditional on the registered current-law threshold remaining operative and no direct TY2027 filing signal was fetched. Prior weight = 100%; update weight = 0%. For this annual claimant-return flow series, realized level dispersion is sigma = sample_std(19.119249, 37.771612, 18.076696, 17.626084) = 9.768837 million. The 80% half-width is 1.28*sigma = 12.504112 million, so 17.626084 - 12.504112 = 5.121972 and 17.626084 + 12.504112 = 30.130196 million. The interval method is fallback-prior empirical level dispersion; all 4 of 4 historical prints fall within these same-width bounds around the persistence point.

Inside-view restraint: the current-law condition identifies the arm but supplies no direct evidence that TY2027 claimant counts will differ from the latest exact-series print. The dramatic TY2021 value demonstrates policy sensitivity and justifies uncertainty, but using that temporary regime as a directional update under the stated current-law arm would double-count a mechanism not shown to persist.

Stress test: upside risk would land above the interval if an enacted expansion outside this cell's condition, an administrative eligibility change, or an unusually large eligible-filer surge pushed claims above 30.130196 million. Downside risk would land below the interval if labor-income eligibility, take-up, or filing participation collapsed enough to produce fewer than 5.121972 million claimant returns. Evidence that would move the point up is a direct official projection or filing-season count showing broader eligible take-up; evidence that would move it down is a direct IRS count showing sustained claimant attrition.

Review disposition: accepted both optional suggestions by changing the driver to “Latest first-print persistence” and noting that all four historical values match the registered adapter's verified anchors; no required fixes were identified.

Key drivers

  • Latest first-print persistence
  • TY2021 policy-regime outlier
  • Current-law $2,500 earned-income threshold
  • Sparse four-print calibration history

Tool evidence

This run has no captured tool responses. “Reported tool use” in the analysis is the model’s account, not an archived tool response.

Sources and resolution

Official source
Internal Revenue Service, SOI Individual Income Tax Returns Complete Report (Publication 1304), Table 3.3
Resolution date
December 31, 2029· outcome not recorded
Resolution rule
Resolve from the first IRS SOI Publication 1304 Table 3.3 print for tax year 2027: All returns, total row; Refundable child tax credit or additional child tax credit; Number of returns. Multiply the published whole-return count by 0.000001 and retain six decimal places in millions. Later revisions are irrelevant. The registered IRS release window is 2029-01-01 through 2029-12-31, with 2029-12-31 retained as the registered resolutionDate because no exact IRS publication-calendar day is registered. Evaluate the condition on 2027-12-31; if the condition fails, mark this conditional cell unresolved rather than resolving it from the tax-year print.

Forecast history

Select a version to read its estimate and analysis.

Forecast versions, estimates, and intervals
VersionDateEstimate80% interval
gpt-5.5Sep 23, 202615.5M14.5M–16.4M
gpt-5.6-sol · selectedAug 4, 202617.6M5.1M–30.1M
Run details

The analysis is the model’s written report. Tool-use descriptions in that report are model claims; the activity artifacts contain the execution record.

thesis.analyst · gpt-5.6-sol · full · v2.5.3

pre-submit review · completed

The draft is publishable: it matches the registered resolver, uses the exact Pub1304 Table 3.3 ACTC claimant-count series, states a persistence prior, and keeps the point/interval coherent with its stated method.

  • info optional_suggestion: Tighten the driver label from "TY2023 last-print persistence" to "latest first-print persistence" to avoid any possible confusion with revisions.
  • info optional_suggestion: Consider noting that the four historical values match the registered adapter's verified anchors: 2020=19.119249, 2021=37.771612, 2022=18.076696, 2023=17.626084 million.

disposition not applicable: Review disposition: accepted both optional suggestions by changing the driver to “Latest first-print persistence” and noting that all four historical values match the registered adapter's verified anchors; no required fixes were identified.

disposition not applicable: Review disposition: accepted both optional suggestions by changing the driver to “Latest first-print persistence” and noting that all four historical values match the registered adapter's verified anchors; no required fixes were identified.

Activity artifacts

Complete original trace

§TY2027 current-law ACTC claimant-return forecast

Framing: this is the not-seasonally-adjusted number of claimant returns, not credit dollars or children. It resolves on the first TY2027 IRS SOI Publication 1304 Table 3.3 print. The ledger supplies only an expected 2029-01-01 through 2029-12-31 release window, not an exact IRS calendar day; the registered 2029-12-31 deadline is therefore preserved and this discrepancy is disclosed rather than silently converted into a claimed scheduled date.

▸ Reported tool use: irs_soi_pub1304_fetch_yearmodel report
Parse official Publication 1304 Table 3.3 workbooks 20in33ar.xls and 21in33ar.xls with the registered irs.actc.total_claims adapter.
↳ Official first-print whole-return counts fetched and parsed this run: TY2020 = 19,119,249 (19.119249 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:09Z; TY2021 = 37,771,612 (37.771612 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:10Z.
▸ Reported tool use: irs_soi_pub1304_fetch_yearmodel report
Parse official Publication 1304 Table 3.3 workbooks 22in33ar.xls and 23in33ar.xls with the registered irs.actc.total_claims adapter.
↳ Official first-print whole-return counts fetched and parsed this run: TY2022 = 18,076,696 (18.076696 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:15Z; TY2023 = 17,626,084 (17.626084 million), retrieved 2026-08-04T14:59:15Z.
▸ Reported tool use: uscode.lookupmodel report
Fetch current 26 U.S.C. §24 text from the Office of the Law Revision Counsel.
↳ The official code text fetched this run shows §24(d)(1)(B)(i)'s underlying earned-income amount is $3,000 and §24(h)(6) substitutes $2,500 for $3,000.
▸ Reported tool use: target_registration.inspectmodel report
Inspect canonical registration b92e9752beaf38a9e2e735c5066e7c741e29436546e7fab2c8d0568f05355909 and check the catalog slug against specs.json.
↳ The public registration fixes period 2027, transform factor 0.000001, condition deadline 2027-12-31, expected release window 2029-01-01 through 2029-12-31, and resolutionDate 2029-12-31. The exact proposed slug appeared 0 times in specs.json when checked this run.

Base rate/reference class: the four exact-series first prints for TY2020–TY2023 are 19.119249, 37.771612, 18.076696, and 17.626084 million; these match the registered adapter's verified anchors. Their mean = 23.148410 million, median = 18.597972 million, and range = 17.626084–37.771612 million. TY2021 is a conspicuous policy-regime outlier, but it remains in interval calibration rather than being discarded.

Benchmark and model candidates: latest first-print persistence forecasts 17.626084 million. The thesis_model_candidate_v1 persistence candidate has point/p50 = 17.626084, p10 = 5.121972, p90 = 30.130196, 80% interval = [5.121972, 30.130196], 90% interval = [1.556347, 33.695821], intervalMethod = fallback-prior empirical level dispersion, calibration_n = 4, train cutoff = TY2023, and walk-forward MAE = 12.932630 million across the three available transitions. More elaborate time-series fitting is rejected because four observations with a major TY2021 regime break do not support stable parameter estimation. Persistence is selected.

Prior/update/interval: prior = TY2023 persistence = 17.626084 million, using the four TY2020–TY2023 official first prints. Adjustment components = 0.000000 million for momentum, 0.000000 million for one-offs, and 0.000000 million for policy because the forecast is explicitly conditional on the registered current-law threshold remaining operative and no direct TY2027 filing signal was fetched. Prior weight = 100%; update weight = 0%. For this annual claimant-return flow series, realized level dispersion is sigma = sample_std(19.119249, 37.771612, 18.076696, 17.626084) = 9.768837 million. The 80% half-width is 1.28*sigma = 12.504112 million, so 17.626084 - 12.504112 = 5.121972 and 17.626084 + 12.504112 = 30.130196 million. The interval method is fallback-prior empirical level dispersion; all 4 of 4 historical prints fall within these same-width bounds around the persistence point.

Inside-view restraint: the current-law condition identifies the arm but supplies no direct evidence that TY2027 claimant counts will differ from the latest exact-series print. The dramatic TY2021 value demonstrates policy sensitivity and justifies uncertainty, but using that temporary regime as a directional update under the stated current-law arm would double-count a mechanism not shown to persist.

Stress test: upside risk would land above the interval if an enacted expansion outside this cell's condition, an administrative eligibility change, or an unusually large eligible-filer surge pushed claims above 30.130196 million. Downside risk would land below the interval if labor-income eligibility, take-up, or filing participation collapsed enough to produce fewer than 5.121972 million claimant returns. Evidence that would move the point up is a direct official projection or filing-season count showing broader eligible take-up; evidence that would move it down is a direct IRS count showing sustained claimant attrition.

Review disposition: accepted both optional suggestions by changing the driver to “Latest first-print persistence” and noting that all four historical values match the registered adapter's verified anchors; no required fixes were identified.

calibrated forecast · 80% CI
17.6M[5.1M · 30.1M]
Target metadata

Data point: irs.actc.total_claims.2027.first_print.current_law

More conditional forecasts